Human ICAM-1 ELISA Kit

Kit Components

 1. Recombinant Human ICAM-1 standard: 2 vials

 2. One 96-well plate precoated with anti- Human ICAM-1 Ab

 3. Sample diluent buffer: 12 mL - 1

 4. Detection antibody: 130 µL, dilution 1:100

 5. Streptavidin-HRP: 130 µL, dilution 1:100

 6. Antibody diluent buffer: 12 mL x1   

 7. Streptavidin-HRP diluent buffer: 12 mL x1

 8. TMB developing agent: 10 mL x1

9. Stop solution: 10 mL x1.

10. Washing solution (20x): 25 mL x1.

Background

ICAM-1 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1), also known as CD54 or major group rhinovirus receptor, is encoded by ICAM1 gene in humans. It is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Human ICAM-1 contains five Ig-like domains in its extracellular domain (ECD) and exists in non-covalently linked dimers. The primary ligands of ICAM-1 are the leukocyte integrins LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18). At sites of inflammation, ICAM-1 is upregulated on endothelial and epithelial cells to mediate the adhesion and paracellular migration of leukocytes expressing activated LFA-1 and Mac-1. ICAM-1 also binds several non-integrin ligands including CD43/sialophorin, fibrinogen, hyaluronan, rhinoviruses, and plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. ICAM-1 ligation prolongs antigen presentation by dendritic cells and promotes T cell proliferation and cytokine release. ICAM-1 mediated cellular processes also play a role in angiogenesis, wound healing, and bone metabolism.

Elevated levels of soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) in serum, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid have been associated with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, organ transplant dysfunction, oxidant stress, abdominal fat mass, hypertension, liver disease, and certain malignancies. sICAM-1 promotes angiogenesis and may be used as an indicator of vascular endothelial cell activation or damage.