Kit Components

 1. Recombinant Bovine IL-1b standard: 2 vials

 2. One 96-well plate coated with Bovine IL-1b Ab

 3. Sample diluent buffer: 12 mL - 1

 4. Detection antibody: 1 vial

 5. Streptavidin-HRP:  1 vial

 6. Antibody diluent buffer: 12 mL x1   

 7. Streptavidin-HRP diluent buffer: 12 mL x1

 8. Chromogenic solution A:  6 mlx1

 9. Chromogenic solution B:  6 mlx1

10. Stop solution:  6 mL x1

11. Washing solution (20x):  25 mL x1

Background

The Interleukin 1 (IL-1) family of proteins consists of the classic members IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL-18, IL-33 and IL-1F5-10. In response to inflammatory agents, infections, or microbial endotoxins, IL-1 is significantly produced by macrophages and various other cell types. IL-1α is mainly expressed and secreted by activated macrophages, neutrophils, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. It plays a key role in regulating the immune responses. IL-1α is approximately 25% identical to IL-1β. Both IL-1α and IL-1β are synthesized as 31 kDa precursors that can be further cleaved into mature proteins of approximately 17.5 kDa. Cleavage of the IL-1β precursor by Caspase-1/ICE is a key step in the inflammatory response. The precursor form of IL-1β, unlike the IL-1αprecursor, exhibits little or no biological activity in comparison to its mature form.

IL-1α and IL-1β bind to transmembrane type I receptor (IL-1 RI) associated with IL-1 RAcP and type II receptor (IL-1 RII) to activate the downstream signaling pathways. IL-1ra is a secreted protein and functions as a competitive inhibitor of IL-1. IL-1 RII itself does not appear to signal in response to IL-1 and may function as a decoy receptor that attenuates IL-1 function. IL-1β plays a central role in immune and inflammatory responses, bone remodeling, fever, carbohydrate metabolism, and GH/IGF-I physiology. Inappropriate or prolonged production of IL-1 has been implicated in a variety of pathological conditions including sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis.

PRODUCT CITATIONS

Oral administration of heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis reduces the response of farmed red deer to avian and bovine tuberculin

Vladimir Lopeza et. al. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 172, 21-25